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Important man pages

perlrun

print loop

cat a.php | perl -pe 'tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/' # converts lowercase to uppercase
cat a.php | perl -ne '/echo/ && print' # prints only matching lines

Record separator

Usually this is newlines. As an example of using something else, this uses uppercase A as the record separator:

echo helloAworldAmrAflibble | perl -0x41 -pe 'tr/A/\n/;tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/'